Class struggle is the unseen undertext of The Great Gatsby, and specifically within the conflict between old money and new money. East Egg, where the Buchanans live, is the domain of inherited wealth money inherited through family connections that implies privilege, stability, and class pretension. West Egg, where Gatsby lives, is the domain of the newly rich, the people who have acquired their fortune overnight, typically through dubious means. Jay Gatsby is richer than he ever could have dreamed that he would become, but still he is a stranger to old-money society. His home is tacky though wealthy by the standards of East Egg, and his extravagant parties are coarse and not refined. Tom Buchanan pictures this inability to be accepted by making complaints concerning Gatsby’s wealth and his background as forever blemished no matter how rich Gatsby might become. Fitzgerald satirizes the fantasy that one will be accepted by money. Gatsby believes that money will welcome him into Daisy’s world, but he is misunderstanding the strict social class between them. Money must come with breeding, with sophistication, and with the right kind of acquaintance in order to get into East Egg. Gatsby is wealthy but deficient in the taken-for-granted cultural capital of Tom and Daisy. This is symptomatic of a broader complaint with American society. For all its posturing about equality and mobility, the novel illustrates how class divisions remain and indeed become more exacting. Gatsby’s disillusionment is not merely romantic social. Fitzgerald seizes on this irony to expose the hypocrisy and snobbery behind the American Dream.
May 6, 2025