A defense mechanism is a holistic, natural, adaptive way in which a person experiences the environment, usually when people want to avoid or control something strong and scary. Freud proposed four defense mechanisms.
The first: repression. Freud called repression “the basis of the entire theoretical structure of psychoanalysis”. Repression is an active effort in which a person tries to keep the content of his pain out of consciousness through repression.
The second is sublimation. It is a so-called successful defense mechanism in which people convert impulses that are not socially acceptable into behaviors that society can accept and even reward.
The third denial. Deny the existence of unacceptable facts.
In the primary defense mechanism, it is divided into concentrated form.
Extreme idealization and devaluation: The more a person lacks independence, the stronger the sense of dependence, the easier it is to induce idealization, and idealization will inevitably lead to devaluation.
Self-splitting: Splitting is a black-and-white defense that is either completely good or particularly bad.
Somatization: If children do not learn to use language to name and express their feelings, they tend to express their feelings through the body, usually by using illness instead of language.