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Continuous wave interband cascade lasers near 13 μm
Yixuan Shen, Rui Q. Yang, Samuel D. Hawkins, Aaron J. Muhowski
We report the demonstration of continuous-wave interband cascade lasers (ICLs) near 13 μm. The attained lasing wavelength of 13.2 μm at 92 K stands as the longest cw emission wavelength ever reported for III-V interband lasers. This achievement is attributed to the adoption of an innovative quantum well (QW) active region comprising strained InAs0.5P0.5 layers in contrast to the commonly used “W” QW active region, showing the potential of the modified QW active region with InAsP layers in improving device performance and extending wave- length coverage of ICLs.
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Single-mode interband cascade laser based on V-coupled cavity with 210 nm wavelength tuning range near 3 μm
Jingli Gong, Zhanyi Wang, Jian-Jun He, Lu Li, Rui Q. Yang, and James A. Gupta
By enhancing the coupling coefficient and using a type-I ICL wafer, single-mode ICLs were demonstrated based on V-coupled cavity with significantly extended tuning range and with a side mode suppression ratio (SMSR) exceeding 35 dB in continuous wave operation near 3 μm. A V-coupled cavity ICL exhibited a wavelength tuning up to 67 nm at a fixed temperature, and the total tuning range exceeds 210 nm when the heat sink temperature is adjusted from 80 to 180 K. The realization of single-mode in such a wide temperature range with a tuning range exceeding 210 nm verified the advantage of V-coupled cavity ICLs for effective detection of multiple gas species. Another V-coupled cavity ICL is tuned over 120 nm from 2997.56 nm to 3117.50 nm with the heat-sink temperature varied from 210 K to 240 K, over 100 K higher than the previously reported maximum operating temperature for V-coupled cavity ICLs.
DOI: 10.1364/OE.504209
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Improved Device Performance of Interband Cascade Lasers with Hybrid Cladding Layers Operating in the 3-4 μm wavelength region
Yixuan Shen, Jeremy A. Massengale, Rui Q. Yang, Tetsuya D. Mishima, Michael B. Santos
By focusing on a hybrid cladding approach, we demonstrate substantially improved device performance of ICLs compared to earlier reported ICLs of a similar design in the 3–4 µm wavelength region. Including a Jth for broad-area devices as low as 134 A/cm2 at 300 K and a peak voltage efficiency of 80%. Moreover, we have demonstrated CW operation of a BA device up to 278 K, the highest CW operating temperature among epi-side up mounted broad-area type-II ICLs, implying improved thermal dissipation with the hybrid cladding approach.
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Low threshold long wavelength Interband Cascade Lasers with high voltage efficiencies
Jeremy A. Massengale, Yixuan Shen, Rui Q. Yang, Samuel D. Hawkins, Aaron J. Muhowski
We report on the substantial advancement of long wavelength InAs-based interband cascade lasers (ICLs) utilizing advanced waveguides formed from hybrid cladding layers and targeting the 10-12 µm wavelength region. Modifications in the hole injector have improved carrier transport in these ICLs, resulting in significantly reduced threshold voltages as low as 3.62 V at 80 K.
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Interband cascade lasers with advanced waveguide operating in the 3 to 4 µm wavelength region
Jeremy A. Massengale, Yixuan Shen, Rui Q. Yang, Tetsuya D. Mishima, Michael B. Santos
Two ICLs (Y086L and Y087L) follow the design of Y082L series with hybrid cladding layers are reported. They have room temperature Jth as low as 148 A/cm2 and high voltage efficiencies of 69%. The highest CW operating temperature T = 260K.
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Pushing the Performance Limits of Long Wavelength Interband Cascade Lasers using Innovative Quantum Well Active Regions
Yixuan Shen, J. A. Massengale, Rui Q. Yang, S. D. Hawkins, A. J. Muhowski.
With innovative Quantum Well active regions, these ICLs were able to operate at wavelengths near 14.4 um, the longest ever demonstrated for III–V interband cascade lasers, implying great potential of ICLs to cover an even wider wavelength range.
DOI: 10.1063/5.0162500
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Enhanced Performance of InAs-based Interband Cascade Lasers Emitting between 10-13 µm
J. A. Massengale, Y. Shen, R. Q. Yang, S. D. Hawkins, and J. F. Klem, “Enhanced Performance of InAs-based Interband Cascade Lasers Emitting between 10-13 µm,” Semicond. Sci. Technol. 38, 025009 (2023)
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Single-mode tunable interband cascade laser emitting at 3.4 µm with a wide tuning range over 100 nm
J. L. Gong, R. Q. Yang, Z. Wang, J. J. He, “Single-mode tunable interband cascade laser emitting at 3.4 µm with a wide tuning range over 100 nm”, IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett. 35, 309 (2023)
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Shot and Johnson noises in interband cascade infrared photodetectors
Rui Q. Yang, “Shot and Johnson noises in interband cascade infrared photodetectors”, Appl. Phys. Lett. 121, 51105 (2022)
Shot and Johnson noises are often incorrectly thought of as two independent noise sources. This incorrect picture has affected the evaluation of detectivities in interband cascade infrared photodetectors (ICIPs). In this work, a unified picture of shot and Johnson noises is developed for ICIPs based on a fundamental framework to understand the origin of Johnson noise and clarify the possible confusion between Johnson and shot noises. General, yet concise expressions are derived to evaluate the current noise power spectral density and detectivity for ICIPs even with complicated structures. Also, simple expressions for the signal current due to absorption of photons and the corresponding photon noise are derived, consistent with the previous results derived from alternative methods. Furthermore, a formula is derived to correctly evaluate the detectivity for conventional photodetectors under a reverse bias. The derived formulas with discussion are expected to improve the understanding of noises in ICIPs and other types of photodetectors and help us to appropriately evaluate their detectivities.
DOI: 10.1063/5.0103661
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Low threshold InAs-based interband cascade lasers grown by MBE
K. Zhang, Y. Lin, W. Zheng, R. Q. Yang, H. Lu, Y. Chen, “Low threshold InAs-based interband cascade lasers grown by MBE”, Journal of Crystal Growth 586, 126618 (2022).
